Types of Diabetes Mellitus

There are several types of diabetes. The most common are type 1 and type 2.

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder where the pancreas makes little or no insulin. People with type 1 diabetes take insulin by injection in order to stay alive. Type 1 diabetes can happen at any age, but it most often occurs in children and young adults. People with type 1 diabetes are prone to develop ketoacidosis.

Type 2 diabetes is a disorder of insulin resistance. One function of the pancreas is the production of insulin. The insulin does not lower the blood glucose because the cells are resistant. These cells have fewer insulin receptors.

Some people with type 2 diabetes do not need insulin to achieve blood glucose control. For these people, diet, exercise and medications are effective.

Still other people with type 2 diabetes need insulin to achieve optimal blood glucose control.